COPD

COPD, or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, is a progressive lung disease that includes dyspnea with obstructed airflow. It incorporates two types of diseases: chronic bronchitis, a long-term inflammation of the airways that creates mucus, and emphysema, which leads to the destruction of the air sacs in the lungs. COPD is a progressive impairment of the functioning of the lungs, which makes it hard to breathe over time. The main cause of COPD is long-term exposure to irritating gases or particulate matter. Smoking is the major risk factor for COPD. Other risk factors include long-term exposure to air pollution, occupational dust, and chemicals. Additionally, it develops due to genetic factors, such as deficiency in alpha-1 antitrypsin. In case of COPD symptoms, it is of vital importance to visit a doctor. These include chronic cough with mucus production, frequent respiratory infections, wheezing, and shortness of breath. In case such symptoms persist or worsen, early medical attention can prevent further damage and manage the condition. Timely medical intervention is necessary for managing COPD. Treatments most commonly involve medications like bronchodilators and corticosteroids, which help improve airflow and reduce inflammation. Lifestyle changes at the individual level, like quitting smoking and avoiding lung irritants, are quite crucial in managing this disease. Proper follow-up and adherence to prescribed treatment can significantly enhance the quality of life while slowing down the progress of this disease.